What does the stool guaiac test detect?

The stool guaiac test is specifically designed to detect hidden or occult blood in the stool. This test is often utilized in screening for gastrointestinal issues, including disorders like colorectal cancer, hemorrhoids, and gastrointestinal bleeding. The presence of blood that is not visible to the naked eye can indicate various underlying health conditions, making this test an essential tool in early detection and diagnosis.

By using a chemical reaction, the guaiac test identifies hemoglobin, the iron-containing protein in red blood cells, which can signal the need for further investigation if detected. Its primary role is in routine screening practices to assess the risk of more serious conditions, thus allowing for timely intervention when necessary.