What is a common consequence of using a needle smaller than 23 gauge during blood draw?

Using a needle smaller than 23 gauge during a blood draw can lead to hemolysis of the blood sample. Hemolysis refers to the destruction of red blood cells, which can occur when blood is drawn through a needle that is too small. When blood is drawn through a narrow gauge needle, the high shear stress experienced by the red blood cells as they pass through the restricted opening can cause them to rupture. This can compromise the integrity of the blood sample, resulting in inaccurate test results and potentially needing a repeat blood draw.

The importance of using an appropriate needle gauge is underscored by the fact that larger gauge needles, which have a wider diameter, allow for a smoother and less traumatic blood flow, reducing the risk of hemolysis and preserving the quality of the sample for accurate laboratory analysis. Understanding this aspect of venipuncture is critical for phlebotomists to ensure proper blood collection techniques and maintain sample integrity.